Array substrate for in-plane switching liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same

ABSTRACT

A fabricating method of an array substrate for an in-plane switching liquid crystal display device includes: forming a gate line and a common line on a substrate, the common line spaced apart from the gate line; forming a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region; forming a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; forming a pixel electrode and a common electrode in the pixel region, each of the pixel electrode and the common electrode including an opaque metal layer; and irradiating ultraviolet rays onto the opaque metal layer to form a metal oxide layer on the opaque metal layer.

This application is a divisional of prior U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/391,512 filed Mar. 29, 2006 which application claims the benefitof Korean Patent Application No. 2005-0027064, filed on Mar. 31, 2005,which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if fullyset forth herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD) device.More particularly, the present invention relates to an array substratefor an in-plane switching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device and amethod of fabricating the same.

2. Discussion of the Related Art

Liquid crystal display (LCD) devices use the optical anisotropy andpolarization properties of liquid crystal molecules to produce an image.The liquid crystal molecules have long, thin, shapes, and have aninitial alignment direction including initial pretilt angles. Thealignment direction can be controlled by applying an electric field toinfluence the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. Due to anoptical anisotropy property of liquid crystal, the refraction ofincident light depends on the alignment direction of the liquid crystalmolecules. Thus, by properly controlling the applied electric field, animage having a desired brightness can be produced.

Among the known types of liquid crystal displays (LCDs), active matrixLCDs (AM-LCDs), which have thin film transistors (TFTs) and pixelelectrodes arranged in a matrix form, are the subject of significantresearch and development because of their high resolution and superiorability in displaying moving images.

Liquid crystal display (LCD) devices include two substrates spaced apartand facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between thetwo substrates. In one type of LCD device, each of the substratesincludes an electrode with the electrodes of each substrate facing eachother. A voltage is applied to each electrode inducing an electric fieldbetween the electrodes. The arrangement of the liquid crystal moleculesis changed by varying the intensity of the electric field.

Because the electrodes are positioned respectively on each of the twoopposing substrates, the electric field induced between the electrodesis perpendicular to the two substrates. Accordingly, LCD devices of thistype have a narrow viewing angle because of the vertical electric field.

In order to solve the problem of narrow viewing angle, in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) devices have been proposed.An IPS-LCD device includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode onthe same substrate.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an IPS-LCD deviceaccording to the related art. The IPS-LCD device includes an arraysubstrate and a color filter substrate with a liquid crystal layerinterposed therebetween.

More particularly, as shown in FIG. 1, a pixel region “P” is defined ona first substrate 50. A thin film transistor “T” is formed in the pixelregion “P” on the first substrate 50 for use as a switching element.Common electrodes 58 and pixel electrodes 72 are also formed in thepixel region “P.” The thin film transistor “T” includes a gate electrode52, a semiconductor layer 62, a source electrode 64, and a drainelectrode 66. The common electrodes 58 alternate with and are parallelto the pixel electrodes 72 on the first substrate 50. The commonelectrode 58 is formed of the same material and on the same layer as thesource and drain electrodes 64 and 66. The pixel electrode 72 is formedof a transparent conductive material. In addition, a common lineconnected to the common electrodes 58 is formed on the first substrate50.

A second substrate 30 is spaced apart from the first substrate 50. Ablack matrix 32 is formed on an inner surface of the second substrate 30facing the first substrate 50. The black matrix 32 on the secondsubstrate 30 corresponds to the thin film transistor “T,” the gate lineand the data line on the first substrate 50. A color filter layer 34including three color filters of red 34 a, green 34 b, and blue (notshown) is formed on the black matrix 32. The color filter layer 34corresponds to the pixel region “P” on the first substrate 50.

A liquid crystal layer “LC” is interposed between the first substrate 50and the second substrate 30. The alignment of the liquid crystal layer“LC” is controlled by a horizontal electric field 95 induced between thecommon electrode 58 and the pixel electrode 72.

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an array substrate for an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to therelated art. The array substrate of FIG. 2 includes a common electrodeand a pixel electrode formed of a transparent conductive material.

In FIG. 2, a gate line 54 and a data line 68 are formed on a substrate50. The gate line 54 and the data line 68 cross each other to define apixel region “P.” A common line 56 is spaced apart from and parallel tothe gate line 54. A thin film transistor “T” is formed at a crossingportion of the gate line 54 and the data line 68. The thin filmtransistor “T” includes a gate electrode 52, a semiconductor layer 62 onthe gate electrode 52, a source electrode 64 and a drain electrode 66.The gate electrode 52 is connected to the gate line 54 and the sourceelectrode 64 is connected to the data line 68.

Common electrodes 90 and pixel electrodes 92, which are parallel to andspaced apart from each other, are formed in the pixel region “P.” Thecommon electrodes 90 contact the common line 56 and extend into thepixel region “P.” The pixel electrodes 92 contact the drain electrode 66and extend into the pixel region “P.”

When one of the common electrodes 90 and the pixel electrodes 92 isformed of a transparent conductive material, the IPS-LCD device mayexhibit image deterioration effects such as stains.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views, which are taken along a line“III-III” of FIG. 2, showing an exposure step for forming commonelectrodes and pixel electrodes of an array substrate for an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to therelated art. As shown in FIG. 3A, a gate insulating layer “GL” is formedon a substrate 50 and a data line 68 is formed on the gate insulatinglayer “GL.” In addition, a passivation layer “PL” is formed on the dataline 68 and a transparent conductive material layer 96 is formed on anentire surface of the passivation layer “PL.” A photoresist (PR) layer98 is formed on the transparent conductive material layer 96. A mask “M”having a transmissive portion “F1” and a blocking portion “F2” isdisposed over the PR layer 98. The mask “M” is aligned with thesubstrate 50 such that the blocking portion “F2” corresponds to commonelectrodes and pixel electrodes.

The substrate 50 is disposed on a chuck “CK” of an exposure apparatusand light “L” is irradiated onto the PR layer 98 through the mask “M.”Since the chuck “CK” is formed of a metallic material, a part of thelight “L” passing through the mask “M,” the PR layer 98, the transparentconductive material layer 96, the passivation layer “PL” and the gateinsulating layer “GL” is reflected by the chuck “CK.” The part of thelight “L” reflecting from the chuck “CK” is irradiated onto the PR layer98 corresponding to the blocking portion “F2” of the mask “M.” Theundesired irradiation of the PR layer 98 due to reflection from thechuck “CK” creates non-uniformities in PR patterns.

As shown in FIG. 3B, after the light “L” (of FIG. 3A) is irradiated, thePR layer 98 (of FIG. 3A) is developed to form a PR pattern (not shown).The transparent conductive material layer 96 (of FIG. 3A) is etchedusing the PR pattern as an etch mask to form common electrodes 90 andpixel electrodes 92. Since the intensity of light irradiated onto the PRlayer 98 (of FIG. 3A) corresponding to a portion “K” over the chuck “CK”(of FIG. 3A) is higher than the intensity of light irradiated onto otherportions of the PR layer 98 (of FIG. 3A), a first width “d1” of thecommon electrodes 90 and the pixel electrodes 92 corresponding to theportion “K” is smaller than a second width “d2” of the common electrodes90 and the pixel electrodes 98 corresponding to other portions. Thedifference in widths “d1” and “d2” is a critical dimension (CD)deviation of the PR pattern. The CD deviations result in brightnessdifferences in the LCD device that are recognized as stains by LCDdevice users. Stains caused by chuck reflection may be referred to aschuck stains.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing common electrodes and pixelelectrodes of an array substrate for another related art in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device. In FIG. 4, commonelectrodes 90 are formed of an opaque material and pixel electrodes 92are formed of a transparent material. Even though no CD deviation iscreated corresponding to the opaque common electrodes 90, thetransparent pixel electrodes 92 have a CD deviation such that a firstwidth “d1” of the pixel electrodes 92 corresponding to a portion “K”over a chuck is smaller than a second width “d2” of the pixel electrodes98 corresponding to the other portion.

The common electrodes 90 are simultaneously formed with a gate line (notshown) and a gate electrode. The gate line is formed of a materialhaving a relatively great thickness providing a corresponding relativelylow resistivity to prevent a signal delay. Because the common electrodes90 are created simultaneously with the gate line, the common electrodes90 also have a relatively great thickness causing a height or stepdifference in the upper layers formed over the common electrodes 90.When the common electrodes 90 and the pixel electrodes 92 are formed ofa transparent material, the step difference causes an observable imageimperfection or step stain in the LCD device.

Furthermore, the transparent conductive material has a higherresistivity than the opaque metallic material. Accordingly, in a largesize LCD device, the resistivity of a transparent conductive materialmay cause problems such as a signal delay, and may reduce design freedomwhen creating large sized LCD devices having pixel electrodes and commonelectrodes of a transparent conductive material.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an array substrate foran in-plane switching liquid crystal display device and method offabricating the same that substantially obviates one or more problemsdue to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

An advantage of the present invention is to provide an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display device where chuck stains and stepstains are prevented.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display device where a resistance of pixelelectrodes and common electrodes is reduced.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display device that has pixel electrodes andcommon electrodes of multiple layers including an opaque material.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth inthe description which follows, and in part will be apparent from thedescription, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Theobjectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized andattained by the structure particularly pointed out in the writtendescription and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposeof the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, afabricating method of an array substrate for an in-plane switchingliquid crystal display device includes: forming a gate line and a commonline on a substrate, the common line spaced apart from the gate line;forming a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region;forming a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the dataline; forming a pixel electrode and a common electrode in the pixelregion, each of the pixel electrode and the common electrode includingan opaque metal layer; and irradiating ultraviolet (UV) rays onto theopaque metal layer to form a metal oxide layer on the opaque metallayer.

In another aspect, an array substrate for an in-plane switching liquidcrystal display device includes: a gate line on a substrate; a data linecrossing the gate line to define a pixel region; a common line spacedapart from the gate line; a thin film transistor connected to the gateline and the data line; and a pixel electrode and a common electrode inthe pixel region, each of the pixel electrode and the common electrodeincluding a transparent conductive layer, an opaque metal layer on thetransparent conductive layer and a metal oxide layer on the opaque metallayer.

A fabricating method of an array substrate for an in-plane switchingliquid crystal display device includes: forming a gate line and a commonline on a substrate, the common line spaced apart from the gate line;forming a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region;forming a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the dataline; forming a pixel electrode and a common electrode in the pixelregion, each of the pixel electrode and the common electrode including atransparent conductive layer and an opaque metal layer on thetransparent conductive layer; and irradiating ultraviolet rays onto theopaque metal layer to form a metal oxide layer on the opaque metallayer.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description andthe following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and areintended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention andtogether with the description serve to explain the principles of theinvention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an in-plane switchingliquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to the related art;

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an array substrate for an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to therelated art;

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views, which are taken along a line“III-III” of FIG. 2, showing an exposure step for forming commonelectrodes and pixel electrodes of an array substrate for an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to therelated art;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing common electrodes and pixelelectrodes of an array substrate for an in-plane switching liquidcrystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to another related art;

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating an array substrate for an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to a firstembodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 6 (6A to 6D), 7 (7A to 7D), 8 (8A to 8D), 9 (9A to 9D), and 10(10A to 10D) are cross-sectional views showing a fabricating method ofan in-plane switching liquid crystal display device according to a firstembodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C are cross-sectional views showing an arraysubstrate of an in-plane switching liquid crystal display deviceaccording to a second embodiment of the present invention; and

FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C are cross-sectional views showing an arraysubstrate for an in-plane switching liquid crystal display deviceaccording to a third embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS

Reference will now be made in detail to an embodiment of the presentinvention, an example of which is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings.

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating an array substrate for an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device according to a firstembodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, a gate line 112, a gate pad 114 at one end of the gate line112, a data line 140 and a data pad 132 at one end of the data line 140are formed on a substrate 100. The gate line 112 crosses the data line140 to define a pixel region “P.” A common line 118 is formed to beparallel and spaced apart from the gate line 112. A thin film transistor(TFT) “T” is formed at crossing of the gate line 112 and the data line140. The TFT “T” includes a gate electrode 116 connected to the gateline 112, an active layer 124 over the gate electrode 116, a sourceelectrode 126 connected to the data line 140 and a drain electrode 128spaced apart from the source electrode 126. The source and drainelectrodes 126 and 128 are formed over the active layer 124. Pixelelectrodes 146 and common electrodes 148 having a bar shape are formedin the pixel region “P.” The pixel electrodes 146 and the commonelectrodes 148 are parallel to and spaced apart from one another. Thepixel electrodes 146 are connected to the drain electrode 128 through adrain contact hole 136, and the common electrodes 148 are connected tothe common line 118 through a common contact hole 143. A data signal anda common signal are applied to the pixel electrodes 146 and the commonelectrodes 148, respectively. A gate pad terminal 150 is connected tothe gate pad 114 via a contact hole. A data pad terminal 152 isconnected to the data pad 132 via a contact hole.

Each of the pixel electrodes 146 and the common electrodes 148 includesan opaque metal layer and an oxide layer over the opaque metal layer.The opaque metal layer has a relatively low resistivity and a relativelylow reflectance. In addition, the oxide layer may be formed byoxidization of a top surface of the opaque metal layer using infrared(IR) rays. Each of the gate pad terminal 150 and the data pad terminal152 includes an opaque metal layer. Since the pixel electrodes 146 andthe common electrodes 148 include an opaque metal layer, light does notpass through the opaque metal layer of these electrodes to reflect fromthe chuck of an exposure apparatus. Accordingly, a uniform criticaldimension (CD) is obtained preventing the creation of a chuck stain.Further, since the pixel electrodes 146 and the common electrodes 148include an opaque metal layer having a relatively low resistivity,operating characteristics of even large sized LCD devices are improved.Although the common line 118 is shown in FIG. 5 as being formed in adifferent layer from the common electrodes 148, the common line 118 mayalternatively be formed in the same layer as the common electrodes 148.

FIGS. 6A to 6D, 7A to 7D, 8A to 8D, 9A to 9D, and 10A to 10D arecross-sectional views showing a fabricating method of an in-planeswitching liquid crystal display device according to a first embodimentof the present invention. FIGS. 6A, 7A, 8A, 9A, and 10A are taken alonga line “IV-IV,” and FIGS. 6B, 7B, 8B, 9B, and 10B are taken along a line“V-V.” In addition, FIGS. 6C, 7C, 8C, 9C, and 10C are taken along a line“VI-VI,” and FIGS. 6D, 7D, 8D, 9D, and 10D are taken along a line“VII-VII.”

As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6D, a substrate 100 includes: a pixel region “P”including a switch area “S”; a gate pad region “G”; and a data padregion “D.” A gate line 112, a gate pad 114 and a common line 118 (ofFIG. 5) are formed on the substrate 100 by depositing and patterning afirst conductive metallic material. The gate pad 114 is disposed in thegate pad area “G” at one end of the gate line 112, and the common line118 (of FIG. 5) is disposed to be parallel to and spaced apart from thegate line 112. In addition, a gate electrode 116 extending from the gateline 112 is formed on the substrate 100. Alternatively, a portion of agate line may be used as a gate electrode. The first conductive metallicmaterial may include at least one of aluminum (Al), aluminum (Al) alloy,chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti) and molybdenum (Mo). Further,the gate line 112 and the common line 118 (of FIG. 5) have one of asingle layer, and a multiple layer including the first conductivemetallic material.

A gate insulating layer 120 is formed on the gate line 112, the gate pad114, the gate electrode 116 and the common line 118. The gate insulatinglayer 120 may include an inorganic insulating material such as siliconoxide (SiO₂) and silicon nitride (SiNx). Intrinsic amorphous silicon(a-Si:H) and impurity-doped amorphous silicon (n+a-Si:H) material aresequentially deposited on the gate insulating layer 120, and an activelayer 122 and an ohmic contact layer 124 are formed on the gateinsulating layer 120 over the gate electrode 116 in the switch area “S”by patterning the deposited intrinsic amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) andimpurity-doped amorphous silicon (n+a-Si:H).

As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, a source electrode 126 and a drain electrode128 is formed on the ohmic contact layer 124 by depositing andpatterning a second conductive metallic material. The source and drainelectrodes 126 and 128 are spaced apart from each other, and the drainelectrode 126 extends into the pixel region “P.” A data line 130connected to the source electrode 126 and a data pad 132 in the data padarea “D” at one end of the data line 130 are formed on the gateinsulating layer 120 by patterning the second conductive material. Thesecond conductive metallic material may include at least one of aluminum(Al), aluminum (Al) alloy such as aluminum neodymium (AlNd), chromium(Cr), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) and molybdenumtungsten (MoW).

As shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D, a passivation layer 134 is formed on thesource electrode 126, the drain electrode 128 and the data line 130. Adrain contact hole 136 exposing the drain electrode 128, a gate padcontact hole 138 exposing the gate pad 114 and a data pad contact hole140 exposing the data pad 132 formed are through the passivation layer134. A common contact hole 143 (of FIG. 5) exposing the common line 118(of FIG. 5) is formed through the passivation layer 134 and the gateinsulating layer 120. The passivation layer may include an organicinsulating material such as benzocyclobutene (BCB) or acrylic resin.

As shown in FIGS. 9A to 9D, pixel electrodes 146 and common electrodes148 are formed on the passivation layer 134 in the pixel region “P” bydepositing and patterning a third conductive metallic material. Thepixel electrodes 146 are connected to the drain electrode 146 throughthe drain contact hole 136. The common electrodes 148 are connected tothe common line 118 (of FIG. 5) through the common contact hole 143 (ofFIG. 5) and are spaced apart form the pixel electrodes 146. A gate padterminal 150 and a data pad terminal 152 are formed on the gate pad 114and the data pad 132, respectively by patterning the third conductivematerial. The third conductive metallic material is opaque and has arelatively low resistivity. For example, the third conductive metallicmaterial may include at least one of aluminum (Al), aluminum (Al) alloysuch as aluminum neodymium (AlNd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), titanium(Ti) and molybdenum (Mo). In addition, when the pixel electrodes 146 andthe common electrodes 148 have a single layer, the pixel electrodes 146and the common electrodes 148 may have a thickness of about 100 Å toabout 1000 Å.

A blocking means 160 such as a shadow mask is disposed over the gate padterminal 150 and the data pad terminal 152, and ultraviolet (UV) raysare irradiated onto the pixel electrodes 146 and the common electrodes148. The blocking means 160 shields the gate pad terminal 150 and thedata pad terminal 152 so that UV rays are not irradiated onto the gatepad terminal 150 and the data pad terminal 152. Alternatively, a layerof a material absorbing UV rays may be formed on the gate pad terminal150 and the data pad terminal 152 as the blocking means.

As illustrated in FIGS. 10A to 10D, a metal oxide layer “OL” is formedon a top surface of the pixel electrodes 146 and the common electrodes148 through oxidation of the third conductive metallic material by theUV ray irradiation. Accordingly, each of the pixel electrodes 146 andthe common electrodes 148 includes an opaque metal layer “J” and a metaloxide layer “OL” formed on the opaque metal layer “J.” When the thirdconductive metallic material includes titanium (Ti), the metal oxidelayer “OL” may include titanium oxide (TiOx). More generally, the metaloxide layer “OL” includes a metal oxide corresponding to the thirdconductive metallic material. The opaque metal layer “J” has arelatively low resistivity and the metal oxide layer “OL” has areflectance less than about 10%. In addition, a total thickness of themetal oxide layer “OL” and the opaque metal layer “J” is within a rangeof about 100 Å to about 2000 Å. As a result of the relatively smallthicknesses of the pixel electrodes 146 and the common electrodes 148, astep difference in the upper layers due to the pixel electrodes 146 andthe common electrodes 148 is reduced. Because the gate pad terminal 150and the data pad terminal 152 are shielded from the UV rays by theblocking means 160, an oxide layer is not formed on the gate padterminal 150 and the data pad terminal 152.

FIGS. 11A to 11C are cross-sectional views showing an array substrate ofan in-plane switching liquid crystal display device according to asecond embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11Ccorrespond to cross-sections taken along lines “V-V,” “VI-VI” and“VII-VII,” respectively.

As may be appreciated by referring to FIGS. 11A to 11C, a gate line (notshown) and a gate pad 208 are formed on a substrate 200 that includes apixel region “P,” a gate pad region “G” and a data pad region “D.” Thegate pad 208 is disposed in the gate pad region “G” at one end of thegate line. A gate insulating layer 202 is formed on the gate line andthe gate pad 208, and a data line 206 and a data pad 209 are formed onthe gate insulating layer 202. The data pad 209 is disposed in the datapad region “D” at one end of the data line 206. A passivation layer 213of an organic insulating material is formed on the data line 206 and thedata pad 209. Pixel electrodes 212 and common electrodes 210 are formedon the passivation layer 213 in the pixel region “P.” Each of the pixelelectrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210 includes a triple layer ofa transparent conductive layer “TL,” an opaque metal layer “J” on thetransparent conductive layer “TL” and a metal oxide layer “OL” on theopaque metal layer “J.” The transparent conductive layer “TL” mayinclude one of indium-tin oxide (ITO) and indium-zinc-oxide (IZO), andthe metal oxide layer “OL” may be formed by an oxidation of a metallicmaterial in a lower layer by irradiation using UV rays. For example,each of the pixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210 mayinclude a multiple layer of ITO/Ti/TiO₂.

In addition, a gate pad terminal 250 and a data pad terminal 252 areformed on the passivation layer 213 to contact the gate pad 208 and thedata pad 209, respectively. The gate pad terminal 250 and the data padterminal 252 include the transparent conductive layer “TL” and theopaque metal layer “J.” A blocking means such as a shadow mask shieldsthe gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252 duringirradiation of the pixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210,so that UV rays do not reach the gate pad terminal 250 and the data padterminal 252. As a result, the metal oxide layer “OL” is formed on theopaque metal layer “J” of the pixel electrodes 212 and the commonelectrodes 210, while a metal oxide layer is not formed on the opaquemetal layer “J” of the gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal252.

In the first and second embodiments of the present invention, becausethe opaque metal layer of the gate pad terminal and the data padterminal may be exposed to ambient air, the opaque metal layer maybecome oxidized, forming a native oxide layer on a top surface thereof.Accordingly, the gate pad terminal and the data pad terminal may includea transparent conductive layer in another embodiment as illustrated inFIGS. 12A to 12C.

FIGS. 12A to 12C are cross-sectional views showing an array substratefor an in-plane switching liquid crystal display device according to athird embodiment of the present invention.

As illustrated in FIGS. 12A to 12C, pixel electrodes 212 and commonelectrodes 210 formed on a passivation layer 213 in a pixel region “P”each include a transparent conductive layer “TL,” an opaque metal layer“J” and a metal oxide layer “OL.” A gate pad terminal 250 in a gate padregion “G” and a data pad terminal 252 in a data pad region “D” includethe transparent conductive layer “TL.”

In a first method for forming the transparent conductive layer “TL” ofthe gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252, a transparentconductive material layer (not shown) is formed on an entire surface ofthe passivation layer 213, and an opaque metallic material is depositedon the transparent conductive material layer “TL” using a blocking meanssuch as a shadow mask. The blocking means may be disposed to shield thegate pad region “G” and the data pad region “D” during deposition of theopaque metallic material. Accordingly, while a transparent conductivematerial layer and an opaque metallic material layer (not shown) areformed on the passivation layer 213 in the pixel region “P,” thetransparent conductive material layer is formed on the passivation layer213 in the gate pad region “G” and the data pad region “D,” and theopaque metallic layer is not formed in the gate pad region “G” and thedata pad region “D.” The opaque metallic material layer and thetransparent conductive material layer are sequentially etched through aphotolithographic process using a photo mask. As a result, the pixelelectrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210 having the transparentconductive layer “TL” and the opaque metal layer “J” are formed on thepassivation layer 213 in the pixel region “P,” while the gate padterminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252 having the transparentconductive layer “TL” are formed on the passivation layer 213 in thegate pad region “G” and the data pad region “D.” Next, UV rays areirradiated onto the pixel electrodes 212, the common electrodes 210, thegate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252. Since thetransparent conductive layer “TL” is not oxidized by the UV layer, themetal oxide layer “OL” is formed on the opaque metal layer “J” of thepixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210, while thetransparent conductive layer “TL” of the gate pad terminal 250 and thedata pad terminal 252 remains exposed (i.e. not covered by a metal oxidelayer).

In an alternate method for forming the transparent conductive layer “TL”of the gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252, atransparent conductive material layer (not shown) and an opaque metallicmaterial layer (not shown) are sequentially formed on a passivationlayer 213. Pixel electrodes 212, common electrodes 210, a gate padterminal 250 and a data pad terminal 252 having a transparent conductivelayer “TL” and an opaque metal layer “J” are formed by sequentiallyetching the opaque metal layer and the transparent conductive materiallayer. Next, the pixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210 in apixel region “P” are partially shielded through a photolithographicprocess, and the opaque metal layer of the gate pad terminal 250 and thedata pad terminal 252 is selectively removed. For example, the opaquemetal layer may be removed using an etching solution having a relativelyhigh selectivity for the opaque metallic material over the transparentconductive material. As a result, the pixel electrodes 212 and thecommon electrodes 210 are formed to have the transparent conductivelayer “TL” and the opaque metal layer “J,” while the gate pad terminal250 and the data pad terminal 252 are formed to have the transparentconductive layer “TL”, but not the and the opaque metal layer “J.” Next,UV rays are irradiated onto the pixel electrodes 212, the commonelectrodes 210, the gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252.Since the transparent conductive layer “TL” is not oxidized by the UVlayer, the metal oxide layer “OL” is formed on the opaque metal layer“J” of the pixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210, and thetransparent conductive layer “TL” of the gate pad terminal 250 and thedata pad terminal 252 is exposed (i.e. not covered by a metal oxidelayer).

In the third embodiment of the present invention, the UV rays may beirradiated during a cleaning step. Since the UV ray irradiation is usedfor removing organic particles, the metal oxide layer “OL” of the pixelelectrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210 is formed without anadditional UV ray irradiation step. Furthermore, the opaque metal layer“J” has a relatively low resistivity and the metal oxide layer “OL” hasa reflectance less than about 10%. In addition, a total thickness of themetal oxide layer “OL” and the opaque metal layer “J” is within a rangeof about 100 Å to about 2000 Å. As a result, a step differenceassociated with the pixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210is reduced. Because the gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal252 include the transparent conductive layer “TL,” a metal oxide layeris not formed on the gate pad terminal 250 and the data pad terminal 252during UV irradiation.

Although the pixel electrodes 212 and the common electrodes 210 havebeen described to be formed on a common layer in the third embodiment,alternately the pixel electrodes 212 may be formed on a different layerfrom the common electrodes 210. For example, the common electrodes 210may be formed on the same layer as the common line.

Consequently, an IPS-LCD device of the present invention has a number ofadvantages. First, since the pixel electrode and the common electrodeinclude an opaque metallic material, a chuck stain is prevented and adisplay quality is improved. Secondly, since one of the pixel electrodeand the common electrode are formed on a different layer from one of thegate line and the data line, a thickness of the pixel electrode and thecommon electrode can be reduced. As a result, a step difference isreduced and a step stain is prevented, improving display quality.Thirdly, since a surface reflectance of the pixel electrode and thecommon electrode is less than about 10%, the darkness of a black imageincreases, improving a contrast ratio of the display. Fourthly, since ametal oxide of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is formedthrough UV ray irradiation, a fabrication process is simplified.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and variations can be made in the present inventionwithout departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it isintended that the present invention cover the modifications andvariations of this invention provided they come within the scope of theappended claims and their equivalents.

1-5. (canceled)
 6. An array substrate for an in-plane switching liquidcrystal display device, comprising: a gate line on a substrate; a dataline crossing the gate line to define a pixel region; a common linespaced apart from the gate line; a thin film transistor connected to thegate line and the data line; and a pixel electrode and a commonelectrode in the pixel region, each of the pixel electrode and thecommon electrode including a transparent conductive layer, an opaquemetal layer on the transparent conductive layer and a metal oxide layeron the opaque metal layer.
 7. The array substrate according to claim 6,wherein the pixel electrode and the common electrode are on a differentlayer from the thin film transistor and the common line.
 8. The arraysubstrate according to claim 6, wherein the pixel electrode and thecommon electrode are connected to the thin film transistor and thecommon line, respectively.
 9. The array substrate according to claim 6,wherein a total thickness of the transparent conductive layer, theopaque metal layer and the metal oxide layer is within a range of about100 Å to about 2000 Å.
 10. The array substrate according to claim 6,further comprising: a gate pad at one end of the gate line; a data padat one end of the data line; and a gate pad terminal contacting the gatepad; and a data pad terminal contacting the data pad.
 11. The arraysubstrate according to claim 10, wherein each of the gate pad terminaland the data pad terminal includes the transparent conductive layer andthe opaque metal layer.
 12. The array substrate according to claim 10,wherein each of the gate pad terminal and the data pad terminal includesthe transparent conductive layer. 13-20. (canceled)